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    Size-Resolved Kinetic Measurements of Aluminum Nanoparticle Oxidation with Single Particle Mass Spectrometry
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    Center for NanoEnergetics Research, Departments of Chemistry and Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20852
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    The Journal of Physical Chemistry B

    Cite this: J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 15, 7290–7299
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/jp048041v
    Published March 22, 2005
    Copyright © 2005 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Aluminum nanoparticles are being considered as a possible fuel in advanced energetic materials application. Of considerable interest therefore is a knowledge of just how reactive these materials are, and what the effect of size on reactivity is. In this paper we describe results of size resolved oxidation rate using a recently developed quantitative single particle mass spectrometer (SPMS). Aluminum nanoparticles used were either generated by DC Arc discharge or laser ablation, or by use of commercial aluminum nanopowders. These particles were oxidized in an aerosol flow reactor in air for specified various temperatures (25−1100 °C), and subsequently sampled by the SPMS. The mass spectra obtained were used to quantitatively determine the elemental composition of individual particles and their size. We found that the reactivity of aluminum nanoparticles is enhanced with decreasing primary particle size. Aluminum nanoparticles produced from the DC Arc, which produced the smallest primary particle size (∼19 nm), were found to be the most reactive (∼68% aluminum nanoparticles completely oxidized to aluminum oxide at 900 °C). In contrast, nanopowders with primary particle size greater than ∼50 nm were not fully oxidized even at 1100 °C (∼4%). The absolute rates observed were found to be consistent with an oxide diffusion controlled rate-limiting step. We also determined the size-dependent diffusion-limited rate constants and Arrehenius parameters (activation energy and pre-exponential factor). We found that as the particle size decreases, the rate constant increases and the activation energy decreases. This work provides a quantification of the known pyrophoric nature of fine metal particles.

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    †

     Present address:  School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, 30 Jangjeon, Geumjeong, Busan 609-735, Korea.

    *

     Address correspondence to this author. E-mail:  [email protected].

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    Cite this: J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 15, 7290–7299
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/jp048041v
    Published March 22, 2005
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