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Mechanistic Investigation of Seeded Growth in Triblock Copolymer Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles

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Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States
Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
§ Center for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, United States
Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States
*Phone: 1-909-558-9702. E-mail: [email protected]
Cite this: Langmuir 2013, 29, 12, 3903–3911
Publication Date (Web):March 10, 2013
https://doi.org/10.1021/la400387h
Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

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We report the seeded synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) via the reduction of HAuCl4 by (L31 and F68) triblock copolymer (TBP) mixtures. In the present study, we focused on [TBP]/[Au(III)] ratios of 1–5 (≈1 mM HAuCl4) and seed sizes ∼20 nm. Under these conditions, the GNP growth rate is dominated by both the TBP and seed concentrations. With seeding, the final GNP size distributions are bimodal. Increasing the seed concentration (up to ∼0.1 nM) decreases the mean particle sizes 10-fold, from ∼1000 to 100 nm. The particles in the bimodal distribution are formed by the competitive direct growth in solution and the aggregative growth on the seeds. By monitoring kinetics of GNP growth, we propose that (1) the surface of the GNP seeds embedded in the TBP cavities form catalytic centers for GNP growth and (2) large GNPs are formed by the aggregation of GNP seeds in an autocatalytic growth process.

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Details of citrated GNP synthesis and characterization, TBP-coated GNP size distributions by DLS and STEM, details of GNP functionalization by MUA, description of the KMC simulations, and derivation of rate equation. This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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Cited By


This article is cited by 7 publications.

  1. Yue Gai, Ying Lin, Dong-Po Song, Benjamin M. Yavitt, and James J. Watkins . Strong Ligand–Block Copolymer Interactions for Incorporation of Relatively Large Nanoparticles in Ordered Composites. Macromolecules 2016, 49 (9) , 3352-3360. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02609
  2. Nancy Tepale, Víctor V. A. Fernández-Escamilla, Clara Carreon-Alvarez, Valeria J. González-Coronel, Adan Luna-Flores, Alejandra Carreon-Alvarez, Jacobo Aguilar. Nanoengineering of Gold Nanoparticles: Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications. Crystals 2019, 9 (12) , 612. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst9120612
  3. Mandeep Singh Bakshi. Engineered nanomaterials growth control by monomers and micelles: From surfactants to surface active polymers. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 2018, 256 , 101-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2018.04.012
  4. Yuanzhi Zhong, Guorun Liang, Wenxiu Jin, Zhichao Jian, Zhixiong Wu, Qingyuan Chen, Yuchun Cai, Wanzhong Zhang. Preparation of triangular silver nanoplates by silver seeds capped with citrate-CTA +. RSC Advances 2018, 8 (51) , 28934-28943. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA04554B
  5. Xuefei Lu, Anirban Dandapat, Youju Huang, Lei Zhang, Yun Rong, Liwei Dai, Yoel Sasson, Jiawei Zhang, Tao Chen. Tris base assisted synthesis of monodispersed citrate-capped gold nanospheres with tunable size. RSC Advances 2016, 6 (65) , 60916-60921. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA11189K
  6. Megan S. Holden, Kevin E. Nick, Mia Hall, Jamie R. Milligan, Qiao Chen, Christopher C. Perry. Synthesis and catalytic activity of pluronic stabilized silver–gold bimetallic nanoparticles. RSC Adv. 2014, 4 (94) , 52279-52288. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA07581A
  7. Han-Wen Cheng, Jin Luo, Chuan-Jian Zhong. An aggregative growth process for controlling size, shape and composition of metal, alloy and core–shell nanoparticles toward desired bioapplications. J. Mater. Chem. B 2014, 2 (40) , 6904-6916. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TB00962B

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