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    Research Article

    Surface Tension-Driven Self-Folding Polyhedra
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    Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, and Baltimore Polytechnic Institute, 1400 West Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, Maryland 21209
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    Cite this: Langmuir 2007, 23, 17, 8747–8751
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/la700913m
    Published July 4, 2007
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    Abstract

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    We discuss finite element simulations and experiments involving the surface tension-driven self-folding of patterned polyhedra. Two-dimensional (2D) photolithographically patterned templates folded spontaneously when solder hinges between adjacent faces were liquefied. Minimization of interfacial free energy of the molten solder with the surrounding fluidic medium caused the solder to ball up, resulting in a torque that rotated adjacent faces and drove folding. The simulations indicate that the folding process can be precisely controlled, has fault tolerance, and can be used to fold polyhedra composed of a variety of materials, ranging in size from the millimeter scale down to the nanometer scale. Experimentally, we have folded metallic, arbitrarily patterned polyhedra ranging in size from 2 mm to 15 μm.

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    †

     Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University.

    §

     Baltimore Polytechnic Institute.

    *

     Corresponding author. E-mail:  [email protected].

    ‡

     Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University.

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    Cite this: Langmuir 2007, 23, 17, 8747–8751
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/la700913m
    Published July 4, 2007
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