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Quantitative Product Spectrum Analysis of Poly(butyl acrylate) via Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

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    Quantitative Product Spectrum Analysis of Poly(butyl acrylate) via Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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    • Sandy P. S. Koo
      Sandy P. S. Koo
      Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Universität Karlsruhe (TH)/Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
      More by Sandy P. S. Koo
    • Tanja Junkers*
      Tanja Junkers
      Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Universität Karlsruhe (TH)/Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
      * Corresponding authors. Tel: +49 721 608-5641. Fax: +49 721 608-5740. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
      More by Tanja Junkers
    • Christopher Barner-Kowollik*
      Christopher Barner-Kowollik
      Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Universität Karlsruhe (TH)/Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
      * Corresponding authors. Tel: +49 721 608-5641. Fax: +49 721 608-5740. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
      More by Christopher Barner-Kowollik
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    Macromolecules

    Cite this: Macromolecules 2009, 42, 1, 62–69
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/ma801196w
    Published November 25, 2008
    Copyright © 2009 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is used to analyze poly(butyl acrylate) samples at full conversion obtained by bulk free radical polymerization in the temperature range of 60−140 °C in the presence of the chain transfer agent (CTA) 1-octanethiol at concentrations varying between 0 and 0.4 mol·L−1. Termination by combination products carrying initiator and transfer-derived fragments as well as three β-scission products were identified in the accessible mass range of up to 2000 m/z. The resulting mass spectra are subsequently quantitatively evaluated via integration to assess product distributions as a function of varying reaction conditions, that is, different temperatures and CTA concentrations. The present study provides for the first time quantitative product distribution data for butyl acrylate polymerization. The main species of interest, defined to be those most sensitive to variations in temperature, CTA concentration, or both, are identified to be thiol-capped polymers (TCPs) produced by the interference of the CTA in the polymerization and βI, the β-scission product produced by chain cleavage of so-called midchain radicals formed via transfer to polymer reactions. Relatively high concentrations of 1-octanethiol produce a very uniform thiol-capped polymer, whereas low concentrations of thiol produce a very large number of β-scission products. Increasing the reaction temperature increases the proportions of β-scission products, and increasing the CTA concentration can suppress and control the amounts and types of species formed to the point where the product spectrum is almost quantitatively constituted of the TCP product. Other species found include conventional termination via combination products and small amounts of β-scission products with initiator end groups. The quantity of combination products has no significant variation under the range of conditions studied, and they are thus considered minor products. The data provided in the present study can constitute the basis for the further quantitative evaluation of reliable rate coefficients for midchain radical formation and depletion pathways.

    Copyright © 2009 American Chemical Society

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    Details of the integration procedure and individual integration results for all species. This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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    Macromolecules

    Cite this: Macromolecules 2009, 42, 1, 62–69
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/ma801196w
    Published November 25, 2008
    Copyright © 2009 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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