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A Route toward Digital Manipulation of Water Nanodroplets on Surfaces

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Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
International Center of Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
*Address correspondence to [email protected]
Cite this: ACS Nano 2014, 8, 4, 3955–3960
Publication Date (Web):March 19, 2014
https://doi.org/10.1021/nn500873q
Copyright © 2014 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

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Manipulation of an isolated water nanodroplet (WN) on certain surfaces is important to various nanofluidic applications but challenging. Here we present a digital nanofluidic system based on a graphene/water/mica sandwich structure. In this architecture, graphene provides a flexible protection layer to isolate WNs from the outside environment, and a monolayer ice-like layer formed on the mica surface acts as a lubricant layer to allow these trapped WNs to move on it freely. In combination with scanning probe microscope techniques, we are able to move, merge, and separate individual water nanodroplets in a controlled manner. The smallest manipulatable water nanodroplet has a volume down to yoctoliter (10–24 L) scale.

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The elastic modulus of the WNs in peak force mode and its dependence on WNs’ size; cross section of a water drop in contact mode with different set points. This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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