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Key Factors Limiting Carbon Nanotube Yarn Strength: Exploring Processing-Structure-Property Relationships
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    Key Factors Limiting Carbon Nanotube Yarn Strength: Exploring Processing-Structure-Property Relationships
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    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3111, United States
    Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
    § Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
    MER Corporation, 7960 South Kolb Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
    Northwestern University/DND-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4857, United States
    # Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208-0893, United States
    *Address correspondence to [email protected]
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    ACS Nano

    Cite this: ACS Nano 2014, 8, 11, 11454–11466
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/nn5045504
    Published October 22, 2014
    Copyright © 2014 American Chemical Society

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    Studies of carbon nanotube (CNT) based composites have been unable to translate the extraordinary load-bearing capabilities of individual CNTs to macroscale composites such as yarns. A key challenge lies in the lack of understanding of how properties of filaments and interfaces across yarn hierarchical levels govern the properties of macroscale yarns. To provide insight required to enable the development of superior CNT yarns, we investigate the fabrication–structure–mechanical property relationships among CNT yarns prepared by different techniques and employ a Monte Carlo based model to predict upper bounds on their mechanical properties. We study the correlations between different levels of alignment and porosity and yarn strengths up to 2.4 GPa. The uniqueness of this experimentally informed modeling approach is the model’s ability to predict when filament rupture or interface sliding dominates yarn failure based on constituent mechanical properties and structural organization observed experimentally. By capturing this transition and predicting the yarn strengths that could be obtained under ideal fabrication conditions, the model provides critical insights to guide future efforts to improve the mechanical performance of CNT yarn systems. This multifaceted study provides a new perspective on CNT yarn design that can serve as a foundation for the development of future composites that effectively exploit the superior mechanical performance of CNTs.

    Copyright © 2014 American Chemical Society

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    Additional details regarding measurement of bundle diameter, estimation of bundle length, and wide angle X-ray diffraction analysis; HR-TEM image of DWCNT bundle (Figure S1); WAXD variations of HOFs at different points within yarns (Figure S2); example 2D WAXD pattern and intensity versus distance scan (Figure S3); WAXD HOF values of directly spun samples with and without the effect of waviness (Figure S4); comparison of mechanical properties of slowly spun yarns with different solvents (Table S1). This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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    ACS Nano

    Cite this: ACS Nano 2014, 8, 11, 11454–11466
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/nn5045504
    Published October 22, 2014
    Copyright © 2014 American Chemical Society

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