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Two-Phase Improves Performance of Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treatment of Food Waste at High Organic Loading Rates

  • Yamrot M. Amha
    Yamrot M. Amha
    Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
    More by Yamrot M. Amha
  • , 
  • Michael Corbett
    Michael Corbett
    Divert, Inc., 23 Bradford Street, 3rd Floor, Concord, Massachusetts 01742, United States
    More by Michael Corbett
  • , and 
  • Adam L. Smith*
    Adam L. Smith
    Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
    *Phone: +1 213.740.0473. E-mail: [email protected]
    More by Adam L. Smith
    Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-3964-7544
Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2019, 53, 16, 9572–9583
Publication Date (Web):July 29, 2019
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b02639
Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

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Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) are in use at the full-scale for energy recovery from food waste (FW). In this study, the potential for two-phase (acid/gas) AnMBR treatment of FW was investigated as a strategy to increase microbial diversity, thereby improving performance. Two bench-scale AnMBRs were operated in single-phase (SP) and two-phase (TP) mode across incremental increases in organic loading rate (OLR) from 2.5 to 15 g total chemical oxygen demand (COD) L·d–1. The TP acid-phase (TP-AP) enriched total VFAs by 3-fold compared to influent FW and harbored a distinct microbial community enriched in fermenters that thrived in the low pH environment. The TP methane phase (TP-MP) showed increased methane production and resilience relative to SP as OLR increased from 3.5 to 10 g COD L·d–1. SP showed signs of inhibition (i.e., rapid decrease in methane production per OLR) at 10 g COD L·d–1, whereas both systems were inhibited at 15 g COD L·d–1. At 10 g COD L·d–1, where the highest difference in performance was observed (20.3% increase in methane production), activity of syntrophic bacteria in TP-MP was double that of SP. Our results indicate that AnMBRs in TP mode could effectively treat FW at OLRs up to 10 g COD·L day–1 by improving hydrolysis rates, microbial diversity, and syntroph activity, and enriching resistant communities to high OLRs relative to AnMBRs in SP mode.

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