Development of Responsive Chitosan–Genipin Hydrogels for the Treatment of Wounds
- Abitha M. HeimbuckAbitha M. HeimbuckDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, United StatesMore by Abitha M. Heimbuck,
- Tyler R. Priddy-ArringtonTyler R. Priddy-ArringtonDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, United StatesMore by Tyler R. Priddy-Arrington,
- Madison L. PadgettMadison L. PadgettDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, United StatesMore by Madison L. Padgett,
- Claire B. LlamasClaire B. LlamasDepartment of Pharmacology, Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United StatesMore by Claire B. Llamas,
- Haley H. BarnettHaley H. BarnettSchool of Biological Sciences, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, United StatesMore by Haley H. Barnett,
- Bruce A. BunnellBruce A. BunnellDepartment of Pharmacology, Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United StatesMore by Bruce A. Bunnell, and
- Mary E. Caldorera-Moore*Mary E. Caldorera-Moore*E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +1(318)257-2207. Fax: +1(318)257-4000.Department of Biomedical Engineering, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, United StatesMore by Mary E. Caldorera-Moore
Abstract
Chronic wounds are characterized by an increased bacterial presence, alkaline pH, and excessive wound drainage. Hydrogel biomaterials composed of the carbohydrate polymer chitosan are advantageous for wound healing applications because of their innate antimicrobial and hemostatic properties. Here, genipin-cross-linked–chitosan hydrogels were synthesized and characterized, and their in vitro and in vivo performances were evaluated as a viable wound dressing. Characterization studies demonstrate that the developed chitosan–genipin hydrogels were able to neutralize an environmental pH, while averaging ∼230% aqueous solution uptake, demonstrating their use as a perfusive wound dressing. Bacterial activity studies demonstrate the hydrogels’ ability to hinder Escherichia coli growth by ∼70%, while remaining biocompatible in vitro to fibroblast and keratinocyte cells. Furthermore, chitosan–genipin hydrogels promote an enhanced immune response and cellular proliferation in induced pressure wounds in mice. All together, these results reflect the potential of the developed hydrogels to be used as a proactive wound dressing.
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