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    PT-Symmetric Absorber-Laser Enables Electromagnetic Sensors with Unprecedented Sensitivity
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    • Mohamed Farhat
      Mohamed Farhat
      Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
      More by Mohamed Farhat
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-0351-4309
    • Minye Yang
      Minye Yang
      Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
      More by Minye Yang
    • Zhilu Ye
      Zhilu Ye
      Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
      More by Zhilu Ye
    • Pai-Yen Chen*
      Pai-Yen Chen
      Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
      *E-mail: [email protected]
      More by Pai-Yen Chen
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    ACS Photonics

    Cite this: ACS Photonics 2020, 7, 8, 2080–2088
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.0c00514
    Published July 7, 2020
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    Abstract

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    Achieving extraordinarily high sensitivity is a long-sought goal in the development of novel and more capable electromagnetic sensors. We present here how a coherent perfect absorber-laser (CPAL) enabled by parity-time (PT) symmetry breaking may be exploited to build ultrasensitive monochromatic electromagnetic sensors that use radio waves, microwaves, terahertz radiations, or light. We argue the possibility of using such CPAL sensors to detect extremely small-scale perturbations of admittance or refractive index caused by, for example, low-density gas molecules and microscopic properties, as they may drastically vary the system’s output intensity from very low (coherent absorption) to high (lasing). We derive the physical bounds on CPAL sensors, showing that their sensitivity and resolvability may go well beyond traditional electromagnetic sensors, such as sensors based on Fabry–Perot cavities.

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    Cite this: ACS Photonics 2020, 7, 8, 2080–2088
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