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Perceiving the Spectrum of Pain: Wavelength-Sensitive Visual Nociceptive Behaviors in Monolayer MoS2-Based Optical Synaptic Devices
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    Perceiving the Spectrum of Pain: Wavelength-Sensitive Visual Nociceptive Behaviors in Monolayer MoS2-Based Optical Synaptic Devices
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    • Jixiu Li
      Jixiu Li
      Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
      More by Jixiu Li
    • Ying Zhou
      Ying Zhou
      Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
      More by Ying Zhou
    • Yuanzheng Li*
      Yuanzheng Li
      Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
      *Email: [email protected]
      More by Yuanzheng Li
    • Chuxin Yan
      Chuxin Yan
      Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
      More by Chuxin Yan
    • Xin-Gang Zhao
      Xin-Gang Zhao
      Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
    • Wei Xin
      Wei Xin
      Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
      More by Wei Xin
    • Xiuhua Xie
      Xiuhua Xie
      State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3888 Dongnanhu Road, Changchun 130033, China
      More by Xiuhua Xie
    • Weizhen Liu*
      Weizhen Liu
      Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
      *Email: [email protected]
      More by Weizhen Liu
    • Haiyang Xu*
      Haiyang Xu
      Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
      *Email: [email protected]
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    • Yichun Liu
      Yichun Liu
      Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
      More by Yichun Liu
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    ACS Photonics

    Cite this: ACS Photonics 2024, 11, 11, 4578–4587
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c00877
    Published August 20, 2024
    Copyright © 2024 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    Artificial visual nociceptors, which respond to noxious light by sending pain signals to the central nervous system, are a crucial sensory element in bionic visual systems. However, existing efforts focus on mimicking nociceptive responses to specific wavelengths of light, especially ultraviolet, with little consideration given to wavelength-sensitive nociceptive behaviors. Here, we have developed an optical synaptic device based on monolayer MoS2, featuring wavelength-sensitive visual nociceptive behaviors similar to human eyes. Except for typical synaptic functions and logical operations, essential behaviors of visual nociceptors are successfully emulated. More importantly, the device also realizes the emulation of the wavelength-sensitive nociceptor, that is, the shorter the wavelength of light the stronger the perception, and the secondary damage from long-wavelength light. Charge trapping and detrapping from interfacial defect-states, in conjunction with the band nesting effect, enable these wavelength-sensitive visual nociceptive behaviors of the devices. This work represents an important step toward endowing bionic vision systems with advanced visual capabilities.

    Copyright © 2024 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c00877.

    • Step-by-step fabrication process of the MoS2 synapse; morphological and optical characterization of the device; IV curves of MoS2 synapse; study on the principle of PPC effect; mechanism schematics of electron transport, trapping, and detrapping; emulation of wavelength-sensitive threshold property; emulation of wavelength-sensitive no adaptation characteristics; emulation of wavelength-sensitive relaxation characteristics; summation of wavelength-sensitive allodynia and hyperalgesia characteristics; and comparison table between previously reported nociceptors and this work (PDF)

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    Most electronic Supporting Information files are available without a subscription to ACS Web Editions. Such files may be downloaded by article for research use (if there is a public use license linked to the relevant article, that license may permit other uses). Permission may be obtained from ACS for other uses through requests via the RightsLink permission system: http://pubs.acs.org/page/copyright/permissions.html.

    Cited By

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    This article is cited by 2 publications.

    1. Jiafan Qu, Yadong Wei, Liang Zhao, Ruoxi Tan, Weiqi Li, Hongyan Shi, Yueling Zhang, Jianqun Yang, Bo Gao, Xingji Li. Defect-Mediated Exciton Localization and Relaxation in Monolayer MoS2. ACS Nano 2024, Article ASAP.
    2. Rongjian Ma, Hang Ren, Chuxin Yan, Yuanzheng Li, Jixiu Li, Wei Xin, Weizhen Liu, Xin-Gang Zhao, Lin Yang, Shengnan Feng, Haiyang Xu, Yichun Liu, Xinfeng Liu. Ultrahigh Photoresponsivity Enabled by Carrier Multiplication in a Self-Powered Solar-Blind Photodetector Based on the WS2/Graphene Heterostructure. ACS Photonics 2024, Article ASAP.

    ACS Photonics

    Cite this: ACS Photonics 2024, 11, 11, 4578–4587
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c00877
    Published August 20, 2024
    Copyright © 2024 American Chemical Society

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