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Salinity from Space Unlocks Satellite-Based Assessment of Ocean Acidification

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Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, U.K.
University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, U.K.
§ Institut Francais Recherche Pour ĹExploitation de la Mer, Pointe du Diable, 29280 Plouzané France
Telespazio-Vega U.K. for European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
Ocean Processes Analysis Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 3824, United States
# Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Thormøhlensgate 53 D, N-5006 Bergen, Norway
Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur 741 246, West Bengal India
Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015, 49, 4, 1987–1994
Publication Date (Web):January 8, 2015
https://doi.org/10.1021/es504849s
Copyright © 2015 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

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Approximately a quarter of the carbon dioxide (CO2) that we emit into the atmosphere is absorbed by the ocean. This oceanic uptake of CO2 leads to a change in marine carbonate chemistry resulting in a decrease of seawater pH and carbonate ion concentration, a process commonly called “Ocean Acidification”. Salinity data are key for assessing the marine carbonate system, and new space-based salinity measurements will enable the development of novel space-based ocean acidification assessment. Recent studies have highlighted the need to develop new in situ technology for monitoring ocean acidification, but the potential capabilities of space-based measurements remain largely untapped. Routine measurements from space can provide quasi-synoptic, reproducible data for investigating processes on global scales; they may also be the most efficient way to monitor the ocean surface. As the carbon cycle is dominantly controlled by the balance between the biological and solubility carbon pumps, innovative methods to exploit existing satellite sea surface temperature and ocean color, and new satellite sea surface salinity measurements, are needed and will enable frequent assessment of ocean acidification parameters over large spatial scales.

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