ACS Publications. Most Trusted. Most Cited. Most Read
Structure of Cannabidiol, a Product Isolated from the Marihuana Extract of Minnesota Wild Hemp. I
My Activity

Figure 1Loading Img
    article

    Structure of Cannabidiol, a Product Isolated from the Marihuana Extract of Minnesota Wild Hemp. I
    Click to copy article linkArticle link copied!

    ACS Legacy Archive
    Other Access Options

    Journal of the American Chemical Society

    Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1940, 62, 1, 196–200
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01858a058
    Published January 1, 1940

    Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is the article's first page.

    Free first page

    Read this article

    To access this article, please review the available access options below.

    Get instant access

    Purchase Access

    Read this article for 48 hours. Check out below using your ACS ID or as a guest.

    Recommended

    Access through Your Institution

    You may have access to this article through your institution.

    Your institution does not have access to this content. Add or change your institution or let them know you’d like them to include access.

    Cited By

    Click to copy section linkSection link copied!

    This article is cited by 219 publications.

    1. Radhika Anand, Loveleena Kaur Anand, Nadia Rashid, Ritu Painuli, Fayaz Malik, Parvinder Pal Singh. Synthesis and Evaluation of Natural and Unnatural Tetrahydrocannabiorcol for Its Potential Use in Neuropathologies. Journal of Natural Products 2024, 87 (2) , 167-175. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00172
    2. Alexandra M. Millimaci, Richard V. Trilles, James H. McNeely, Lauren E. Brown, Aaron B. Beeler, John A. Porco, Jr.. Synthesis of Neocannabinoids Using Controlled Friedel–Crafts Reactions. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 2023, 88 (18) , 13135-13141. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.3c01362
    3. Radhika Anand, Pankaj Singh Cham, Veeranjaneyulu Gannedi, Sumit Sharma, Mukesh Kumar, Rohit Singh, Ram A. Vishwakarma, Parvinder Pal Singh. Stereoselective Synthesis of Nonpsychotic Natural Cannabidiol and Its Unnatural/Terpenyl/Tail-Modified Analogues. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 2022, 87 (7) , 4489-4498. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.1c02571
    4. Katharina Grotsch, Valery V. Fokin. Between Science and Big Business: Tapping Mary Jane’s Uncharted Potential. ACS Central Science 2022, 8 (2) , 156-168. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.1c01100
    5. Diego Caprioglio, Daiana Mattoteia, Federica Pollastro, Roberto Negri, Annalisa Lopatriello, Giuseppina Chianese, Alberto Minassi, Juan A. Collado, Eduardo Munoz, Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati, Giovanni Appendino. The Oxidation of Phytocannabinoids to Cannabinoquinoids. Journal of Natural Products 2020, 83 (5) , 1711-1715. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01284
    6. Xudong Gong, Changliang Sun, Melkamu Alemu Abame, Wenqiang Shi, Yuanchao Xie, Wanbin Xu, Fuqiang Zhu, Yan Zhang, Jingshan Shen, Haji A. Aisa. Synthesis of CBD and Its Derivatives Bearing Various C4′-Side Chains with a Late-Stage Diversification Method. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 2020, 85 (4) , 2704-2715. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.9b02880
    7. Diego Caprioglio, Daiana Mattoteia, Alberto Minassi, Federica Pollastro, Annalisa Lopatriello, Eduardo Muňoz, Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati, Giovanni Appendino. One-Pot Total Synthesis of Cannabinol via Iodine-Mediated Deconstructive Annulation. Organic Letters 2019, 21 (15) , 6122-6125. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02258
    8. Sonali S. Bharate, Serge Mignani, Ram A. Vishwakarma. Why Are the Majority of Active Compounds in the CNS Domain Natural Products? A Critical Analysis. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2018, 61 (23) , 10345-10374. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01922
    9. Federica Pollastro, Diego Caprioglio, Patrizia Marotta, Aniello Schiano Moriello, Luciano De Petrocellis, Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati, Giovanni Appendino. Iodine-Promoted Aromatization of p-Menthane-Type Phytocannabinoids. Journal of Natural Products 2018, 81 (3) , 630-633. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00946
    10. Didier M. Lambert and, Christopher J. Fowler. The Endocannabinoid System: Drug Targets, Lead Compounds, and Potential Therapeutic Applications. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2005, 48 (16) , 5059-5087. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm058183t
    11. Hanane Doumar, Hicham El Mostafi, Aboubaker Elhessni, Mohamed Ebn Touhami, Abdelhalem Mesfioui. Exploring the diversity of cannabis cannabinoid and non-cannabinoid compounds and their roles in Alzheimer's disease: A review. IBRO Neuroscience Reports 2025, 18 , 96-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.011
    12. Claire Alexander, Jiyoon Jeon, Kyle Nickerson, Shayne Hassler, Maryam Vasefi. CBD and the 5-HT1A receptor: A medicinal and pharmacological review. Biochemical Pharmacology 2025, 233 , 116742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2025.116742
    13. Letícia Birk, Victoria Marland, Sarah Eller, Tiago Franco de Oliveira, Niamh NicDaéid, Lorna Nisbet. Detection and quantitation of the semi-synthetic cannabinoid hexahydrocannabinol in seized samples from Scottish prisons. Forensic Chemistry 2025, 63 , 100640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forc.2025.100640
    14. João Luís Q. Simei, José Diogo R. Souza, João Francisco Pedrazzi, Francisco S. Guimarães, Alline Cristina Campos, Antônio Zuardi, Jaime Eduardo C. Hallak, José Alexandre S. Crippa. Research and Clinical Practice Involving the Use of Cannabis Products, with Emphasis on Cannabidiol: A Narrative Review. Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17 (12) , 1644. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17121644
    15. Fatima-Zahrae Laaboudi, Mohamed Rejdali, Amin Salhi, Abedellah Elyoussfi, Abdelmonaem Talhaoui, Hassan Amhamdi, M’hamed Ahari. Bibliometric analysis of beneficial cannabis research: Performance analysis and science mapping from 2012 to 2022 and focus on Morocco. Toxicology Reports 2024, 13 , 101713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101713
    16. Ariel Gustavo Garro, Soledad Ravetti, Sofía Gisella Brignone, Agustín Luna, Natalia Angel Villegas, Agustina Gaitán, Santiago Daniel Palma. Microencapsulation techniques for developing cannabidiol formulations: a review. Therapeutic Delivery 2024, 62 , 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/20415990.2024.2421155
    17. Elif Akcay, Hulya Karatas. P2X7 receptors from the perspective of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in depression: Potential role of cannabidiol. Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health 2024, 41 , 100853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100853
    18. Carly de Faria Coelho, Rodolfo P. Vieira, Osvaldo Soares Araújo-Junior, Pedro Sardinha Leonardo Lopes-Martins, Larissa Gomes dos Santos, Lucas Danilo Dias, Alberto Souza de Sá Filho, Patrícia Sardinha Leonardo, Sandro Dutra e Silva, Rodrigo Alvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins. The Impact of Cannabidiol Treatment on Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials. Life 2024, 14 (11) , 1373. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14111373
    19. El Ghachi Hafida, Soulimani Rachid, Gamrani Halima, Kissani Najib. CBD’s potential impact on Parkinson’s disease: An updated overview. Open Medicine 2024, 19 (1) https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2024-1075
    20. Dominik Duczmal, Aleksandra Bazan-Wozniak, Krystyna Niedzielska, Robert Pietrzak. Cannabinoids—Multifunctional Compounds, Applications and Challenges—Mini Review. Molecules 2024, 29 (20) , 4923. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29204923
    21. Orrin Devinsky, Nicholas A. Jones, Mark O. Cunningham, B. Ashan P. Jayasekera, Sasha Devore, Benjamin J. Whalley. Cannabinoid treatments in epilepsy and seizure disorders. Physiological Reviews 2024, 104 (2) , 591-649. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00049.2021
    22. Christian P. Cheung, Ryleigh E. Baker, Alexandra M. Coates, Jamie F. Burr. Cannabis containing THC impairs 20-min cycling time trial performance irrespective of the method of inhalation. Journal of Applied Physiology 2024, 136 (3) , 583-591. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00757.2023
    23. Radhika Anand, Ritu Painuli, Vijay Kumar, Parvinder Pal Singh. Chemistry and pharmacological aspects of furanoid cannabinoids and related compounds: Is furanoid cannabinoids open a new dimension towards the non-psychoactive cannabinoids?. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2024, 268 , 116164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116164
    24. István Ujváry. Hexahydrocannabinol and closely related semi‐synthetic cannabinoids: A comprehensive review. Drug Testing and Analysis 2024, 16 (2) , 127-161. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3519
    25. Alexandra Sideris, Lisa V. Doan. An Overview of Cannabidiol. Anesthesia & Analgesia 2024, 138 (1) , 54-68. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000006584
    26. Gangotri Debbarma, Pratap Chandra Acharya. Cannabis and its derivatives. 2024, 37-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-15489-8.00002-5
    27. Pedro H.C. Lirio, Priscyla D.M. Gaspari, Alline C. Campos. Cannabidiol: Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic in the context of neuropsychiatric disorders. 2024, 11-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2024.05.001
    28. Yuxi Li, Xilin Li, Patrick Cournoyer, Supratim Choudhuri, Lei Guo, Si Chen. Induction of apoptosis by cannabidiol and its main metabolites in human Leydig cells. Archives of Toxicology 2023, 97 (12) , 3227-3241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-023-03609-x
    29. Hind Ibork, Sara El Idrissi, Simo Siyanda Zulu, Robert Miller, Lhoussain Hajji, Annabelle Manalo Morgan, Khalid Taghzouti, Oualid Abboussi. Effect of Cannabidiol in LPS-Induced Toxicity in Astrocytes: Possible Role for Cannabinoid Type-1 Receptors. Neurotoxicity Research 2023, 41 (6) , 615-626. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-023-00671-2
    30. Fabiana Russo, Maria Angela Vandelli, Giuseppe Biagini, Martin Schmid, Livio Luongo, Michela Perrone, Federica Ricciardi, Sabatino Maione, Aldo Laganà, Anna Laura Capriotti, Alfonso Gallo, Luigi Carbone, Elisabetta Perrone, Giuseppe Gigli, Giuseppe Cannazza, Cinzia Citti. Synthesis and pharmacological activity of the epimers of hexahydrocannabinol (HHC). Scientific Reports 2023, 13 (1) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38188-5
    31. Iu Raïch, Jaume Lillo, Carlos Ferreiro-Vera, Verónica Sánchez de Medina, Gemma Navarro, Rafael Franco. Cannabidiol at Nanomolar Concentrations Negatively Affects Signaling through the Adenosine A2A Receptor. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2023, 24 (24) , 17500. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417500
    32. Hrvoje Urlic, Marko Kumric, Goran Dujic, Josip Vrdoljak, Daniela Supe-Domic, Zeljko Dujic, Josko Bozic. Antihypertensive effects of CBD are mediated by altered inflammatory response: A sub-study of the HYPER-H21-4 trial. Journal of Functional Foods 2023, 110 , 105873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2023.105873
    33. Julia Haake, Nina Meyerhoff, Sebastian Meller, Friederike Twele, Marios Charalambous, Volker Wilke, Holger Volk. Investigating Owner Use of Dietary Supplements in Dogs with Canine Cognitive Dysfunction. Animals 2023, 13 (19) , 3056. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13193056
    34. Gabriel Vitor de Lima Marques, Renata Barbosa de Oliveira. From ancient Asian relics to contemporaneity: A review of historical and chemical aspects of Cannabis. European Journal of Chemistry 2023, 14 (3) , 393-400. https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.14.3.393-400.2442
    35. A. V. Safronenko, N. Yu. Saenko, V. P. Zemliakova, S. K. Kvaratskheliia, M. V. Dolnikova. Pharmacological aspects of cannabinoids. South Russian Journal of Therapeutic Practice 2023, 4 (3) , 27-35. https://doi.org/10.21886/2712-8156-2023-4-3-27-35
    36. Ziyan Xie, Yaolei Mi, Lingzhe Kong, Maolun Gao, Shanshan Chen, Weiqiang Chen, Xiangxiao Meng, Wei Sun, Shilin Chen, Zhichao Xu. Cannabis sativa : origin and history, glandular trichome development, and cannabinoid biosynthesis. Horticulture Research 2023, 10 (9) https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhad150
    37. Taryn Bosquez-Berger, Gergő Szanda, Alex Straiker. Requiem for Rimonabant: Therapeutic Potential for Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Antagonists after the Fall. Drugs and Drug Candidates 2023, 2 (3) , 689-707. https://doi.org/10.3390/ddc2030035
    38. Nadia Martinez Naya, Jazmin Kelly, Giuliana Corna, Michele Golino, Antonio Abbate, Stefano Toldo. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Action of Cannabidiol. Molecules 2023, 28 (16) , 5980. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28165980
    39. Gleice K. Silva-Cardoso, Willian Lazarini-Lopes, Eduardo Octaviano Primini, Jaime E. Hallak, José A. Crippa, Antônio W. Zuardi, Norberto Garcia-Cairasco, Christie R.A. Leite-Panissi. Cannabidiol modulates chronic neuropathic pain aversion behavior by attenuation of neuroinflammation markers and neuronal activity in the corticolimbic circuit in male Wistar rats. Behavioural Brain Research 2023, 452 , 114588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114588
    40. Karolin Yanar,and, ZeynepMineCoşkun Yazıcı. Cannabis. 2023, 232-243. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119983347.ch15
    41. Ioana Creanga-Murariu, Leontina Elena Filipiuc, Magda Cuciureanu, Bogdan-Ionel Tamba, Teodora Alexa-Stratulat. Should oncologists trust cannabinoids?. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023, 14 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1211506
    42. Matteo Perini, Alessio Gaggiotti, Silvia Pianezze, Luca Ziller, Roberto Larcher. Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis for Authentication of Natural Antioxidant Cannabidiol (CBD) from Cannabis sativa. Antioxidants 2023, 12 (7) , 1421. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12071421
    43. M.M. Shevchuk, L.I. Volos. THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF CANNABIDIOL: THE MOST IMPORTANT ACHIEVEMENTS ON THE WAY TO A NEW ERA. Medical Science of Ukraine (MSU) 2023, 19 (2) , 132-141. https://doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.2.2023.17
    44. Yu‐Xiang Song, Alexandra Furtos, Domenico Fuoco, Yacine Boumghar, Gregory S. Patience. Meta‐analysis and review of cannabinoids extraction and purification techniques. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023, 101 (6) , 3108-3131. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.24786
    45. Luigi Bellocchio, Assunta Patano, Alessio Danilo Inchingolo, Francesco Inchingolo, Gianna Dipalma, Ciro Gargiulo Isacco, Elisabetta de Ruvo, Biagio Rapone, Antonio Mancini, Felice Lorusso, Antonio Scarano, Giuseppina Malcangi, Angelo Michele Inchingolo. Cannabidiol for Oral Health: A New Promising Therapeutical Tool in Dentistry. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2023, 24 (11) , 9693. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119693
    46. Tom Jukier, Crisanta Cruz-Espindola, Doug Martin, Dawn M. Boothe. Disposition of a single oral dose of a cannabidiol medication in healthy cats. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2023, 10 https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1181517
    47. Paul Clayton, Silma Subah, Ruchitha Venkatesh, Mariko Hill, Nathasha Bogoda. Palmitoylethanolamide: A Potential Alternative to Cannabidiol. Journal of Dietary Supplements 2023, 20 (3) , 505-530. https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2021.2005733
    48. William R. Swindell, Krzysztof Bojanowski, Parvesh Singh, Manpreet Randhawa, Ratan K. Chaudhuri. Bakuchiol and Ethyl (Linoleate/Oleate) Synergistically Modulate Endocannabinoid Tone in Keratinocytes and Repress Inflammatory Pathway mRNAs. JID Innovations 2023, 3 (3) , 100178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjidi.2022.100178
    49. Matteo Scopetti, Donato Morena, Federico Manetti, Alessandro Santurro, Nicola Di Fazio, Stefano D’Errico, Martina Padovano, Paola Frati, Vittorio Fineschi. Cannabinoids and Brain Damage: A Systematic Review on a Frequently Overlooked Issue. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2023, 24 (6) , 741-757. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389201023666220614145535
    50. Hannah E. Straker, Lynn McMillan, Lina Mardiana, Glen R. Hebberd, Elle Watson, Paul G. Waddell, Michael R. Probert, Michael J. Hall. Polymorph prediction through observed structural isomorphism leading to a new crystalline form of cannabidiol. CrystEngComm 2023, 25 (16) , 2479-2484. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3CE00041A
    51. James R. Lathrop, Sheldon N. Rosen, Margaret M. Heitkemper, Diana Taibi Buchanan. Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome and Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome. Gastroenterology Nursing 2023, 20 https://doi.org/10.1097/SGA.0000000000000730
    52. Brian E. Leonard, Feyza Aricioglu. Cannabinoids and neuroinflammation: Therapeutic implications. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports 2023, 12 , 100463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100463
    53. Chandrabhan Verma, Akram Alfantazi, Mumtaz A. Quraishi, Kyong Yop Rhee. Are extracts really green substitutes for traditional toxic corrosion inhibitors? Challenges beyond origin and availability. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy 2023, 31 , 100943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2022.100943
    54. Jorge Castillo-Arellano, Ana Canseco-Alba, Stephen J. Cutler, Francisco León. The Polypharmacological Effects of Cannabidiol. Molecules 2023, 28 (7) , 3271. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073271
    55. Simona Felletti, Greta Compagnin, Yannick Krauke, Svea Stephan, Giorgia Greco, Alessandro Buratti, Tatiana Chenet, Chiara De Luca, Martina Catani, Alberto Cavazzini. Purification and Isolation of Cannabinoids: Current Challenges and Perspectives. LCGC Europe 2023, , 122-131. https://doi.org/10.56530/lcgc.eu.jp5571c5
    56. Niccolò Chiaramonte, Nathalie Saraiva Rosa. From Δ9-THC to Synthetic Cannabinoids: Multi- Faceted Therapeutic Agents and Versatile Scaffolds for Drug Discovery. 2023, 56-93. https://doi.org/10.2174/9789815123647123020005
    57. Nayara Araujo dos Santos, Wanderson Romão. Cannabis – A state of the art about the millenary plant: Part I. Forensic Chemistry 2023, 32 , 100470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forc.2023.100470
    58. Ajay P. Nayak, Cali Loblundo, Leonard Bielory. Immunomodulatory Actions of Cannabinoids: Clinical Correlates and Therapeutic Opportunities for Allergic Inflammation. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice 2023, 11 (2) , 449-457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.10.009
    59. Ahmed Hasbi, Bertha K. Madras, Susan R. George. Endocannabinoid System and Exogenous Cannabinoids in Depression and Anxiety: A Review. Brain Sciences 2023, 13 (2) , 325. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020325
    60. Eugenia Mazzara, Riccardo Petrelli, Jacopo Torresi, Renato Ricciardi, Giovanni Benelli, Filippo Maggi. Hemp essential oil: an innovative product with potential industrial applications. 2023, 201-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-89867-6.00012-3
    61. Xintian Lyu, Sílvia M. Illamola, Susan E. Marino, Ilo E. Leppik, Stephen Dahmer, Paloma Lehfeldt, Jeannine M. Conway, Rory P. Remmel, Kyle Kingsley, Angela K. Birnbaum. Medical Cannabis Received by Patients According to Qualifying Condition in a US State Cannabis Program: Product Choice, Dosing, and Age-Related Trends. Current Therapeutic Research 2023, 99 , 100709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100709
    62. Andrea Duranti, Gorane Beldarrain, Antonia Álvarez, Matilde Sbriscia, Silvia Carloni, Walter Balduini, Daniel Alonso-Alconada. The Endocannabinoid System as a Target for Neuroprotection/Neuroregeneration in Perinatal Hypoxic–Ischemic Brain Injury. Biomedicines 2023, 11 (1) , 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11010028
    63. Pradeep Rao, Hugo Morandini. Newer Modalities in Psychopharmacology in Children and Adolescents: A Selective Narrative Review of the Literature. Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health 2023, 19 (1) , 88-94. https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342231179036
    64. Miss. Akanksha N. Mote, Miss. Pratiksha B. Bhise, Miss. Rasika D. Chavan, Miss. Prapti P. Patil, Manohar D. Kengar. Pharmacokinetics and Cognitive Side Effcets of Cannabidiol In Adult Patients. International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology 2022, , 221-228. https://doi.org/10.48175/IJARSCT-7676
    65. Lance K. Blevins, Anthony P. Bach, Robert B. Crawford, Jiajun Zhou, Joseph E. Henriquez, Michael D. Rizzo, Sera Sermet, D.M. Isha Olive Khan, Helen Turner, Andrea L. Small-Howard, Norbert E. Kaminski. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of selected cannabinoids and terpenes from Cannabis Sativa employing human primary leukocytes. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2022, 170 , 113458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2022.113458
    66. Kenneth B. Walsh, Andrea E. Holmes. Pharmacology of Minor Cannabinoids at the Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor: Isomer- and Ligand-Dependent Antagonism by Tetrahydrocannabivarin. Receptors 2022, 1 (1) , 3-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/receptors1010002
    67. Chien-Chu Huang, Shao-Chih Chiu, Shih-Chi Chao, Heng-Yi Liao, Shiao-Pieng Lee, Chun-Chung Huang, Der-Yang Cho. Real-Time Monitoring of the Cytotoxic and Antimetastatic Properties of Cannabidiol in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Using Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2022, 23 (24) , 15842. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415842
    68. Taryn Bosquez-Berger, Sierra Wilson, Christos Iliopoulos-Tsoutsouvas, Shan Jiang, Jim Wager-Miller, Spyros P. Nikas, Ken P. Mackie, Alexandros Makriyannis, Alex Straiker. Differential Enantiomer-Specific Signaling of Cannabidiol at CB 1 Receptors. Molecular Pharmacology 2022, 102 (6) , 259-268. https://doi.org/10.1124/molpharm.121.000305
    69. Mendhi Henna Dasram, Roderick B. Walker, Sandile M. Khamanga. Recent Advances in Endocannabinoid System Targeting for Improved Specificity: Strategic Approaches to Targeted Drug Delivery. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2022, 23 (21) , 13223. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113223
    70. João F. C. Pedrazzi, Frederico R. Ferreira, Danyelle Silva-Amaral, Daniel A. Lima, Jaime E. C. Hallak, Antônio W. Zuardi, Elaine A. Del-Bel, Francisco S. Guimarães, Karla C. M. Costa, Alline C. Campos, Ana C. S. Crippa, José A. S. Crippa. Cannabidiol for the treatment of autism spectrum disorder: hope or hype?. Psychopharmacology 2022, 239 (9) , 2713-2734. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06196-4
    71. B. Markus Lange, Jordan J. Zager. Comprehensive inventory of cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L.: Can we connect genotype and chemotype?. Phytochemistry Reviews 2022, 21 (4) , 1273-1313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-021-09780-2
    72. Clementine Scholz, Milena M Madry, Thomas Kraemer, Markus R Baumgartner. LC–MS-MS Analysis of Δ9-THC, CBN and CBD in Hair: Investigation of Artifacts. Journal of Analytical Toxicology 2022, 46 (5) , 504-511. https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkab056
    73. Shiri Procaccia, Gil Moshe Lewitus, Carni Lipson Feder, Anna Shapira, Paula Berman, David Meiri. Cannabis for Medical Use: Versatile Plant Rather Than a Single Drug. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2022, 13 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.894960
    74. Martin Helcman, Karel Šmejkal. Biological activity of Cannabis compounds: a modern approach to the therapy of multiple diseases. Phytochemistry Reviews 2022, 21 (2) , 429-470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-021-09777-x
    75. Saeideh Karimi-Haghighi, Yasaman Razavi, Daniela Iezzi, Andrew F. Scheyer, Olivier Manzoni, Abbas Haghparast. Cannabidiol and substance use disorder: Dream or reality. Neuropharmacology 2022, 207 , 108948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.108948
    76. Guillermo Moreno-Sanz, Alvaro Madiedo, Paula Hernandez, Janosch Kratz, Oier Aizpurua-Olaizola, Matthew R. D. Brown, Juan R. López, Jorge Patiño, Fredy O. Mendivelso. Sex-Dependent Prescription Patterns and Clinical Outcomes Associated With the Use of Two Oral Cannabis Formulations in the Multimodal Management of Chronic Pain Patients in Colombia. Frontiers in Pain Research 2022, 3 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpain.2022.854795
    77. Daniel Ribeiro Grijó, José Eduardo Olivo, Oswaldo Curty da Motta Lima. Analysis of the different solubility data of cannabidiol in supercritical carbon dioxide described in the literature. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022, 39 (1) , 225-234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43153-021-00128-z
    78. Yuki Sugaya, Masanobu Kano. Endocannabinoid-Mediated Control of Neural Circuit Excitability and Epileptic Seizures. Frontiers in Neural Circuits 2022, 15 https://doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.781113
    79. Susan R.B. Weiss, Katia Delrahim Howlett. Cannabidiol: Overview, Complexities, and Opportunities for Behavioral Health. 2022, 27-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04874-6_3
    80. James Akingbasote, Sandra Szlapinski, Andrew Charrette, Corey J. Hilmas, Najla Guthrie. Safety of cannabis- and hemp-derived constituents in reproduction and development. 2022, 455-487. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-89773-0.00024-2
    81. Yuxi Li, Qiangen Wu, Xilin Li, Linda S. Von Tungeln, Frederick A. Beland, Dayton Petibone, Lei Guo, Patrick Cournoyer, Supratim Choudhuri, Si Chen. In vitro effects of cannabidiol and its main metabolites in mouse and human Sertoli cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2022, 159 , 112722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2021.112722
    82. Houssem Boulebd, David M. Pereira, Imene Amine Khodja, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Adam Mechler, Quan V. Vo. Assessment of the free radical scavenging potential of cannabidiol under physiological conditions: Theoretical and experimental investigations. Journal of Molecular Liquids 2022, 346 , 118277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118277
    83. Mark A. T. Blaskovich, Angela M. Kavanagh, Alysha G. Elliott, Bing Zhang, Soumya Ramu, Maite Amado, Gabrielle J. Lowe, Alexandra O. Hinton, Do Minh Thu Pham, Johannes Zuegg, Neil Beare, Diana Quach, Marc D. Sharp, Joe Pogliano, Ashleigh P. Rogers, Dena Lyras, Lendl Tan, Nicholas P. West, David W. Crawford, Marnie L. Peterson, Matthew Callahan, Michael Thurn. The antimicrobial potential of cannabidiol. Communications Biology 2021, 4 (1) https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-01530-y
    84. Gabriela P. Silote, Michelle C. Gatto, Amanda Eskelund, Francisco S. Guimarães, Gregers Wegener, Sâmia R. L. Joca. Strain-, Sex-, and Time-Dependent Antidepressant-like Effects of Cannabidiol. Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14 (12) , 1269. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14121269
    85. Kenneth B. Walsh, Amanda E. McKinney, Andrea E. Holmes. Minor Cannabinoids: Biosynthesis, Molecular Pharmacology and Potential Therapeutic Uses. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2021, 12 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.777804
    86. Eleonora Russo, Clara Cannas, Maria Susanna Rivetti, Carla Villa, Barbara Rebesco. Innovative Clinical-Organizational Model to Ensure Appropriateness and Quality in the Management of Medical Cannabis: An Italian Regional Case. Healthcare 2021, 9 (11) , 1425. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111425
    87. Leontina Elena Filipiuc, Daniela Carmen Ababei, Teodora Alexa-Stratulat, Cosmin Vasilica Pricope, Veronica Bild, Raluca Stefanescu, Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu, Bogdan-Ionel Tamba. Major Phytocannabinoids and Their Related Compounds: Should We Only Search for Drugs That Act on Cannabinoid Receptors?. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13 (11) , 1823. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13111823
    88. Éamon Jones, Styliani Vlachou. Cannabidiol Does Not Cause Significant Changes to Working Memory Performance in the N-Back Task. Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14 (11) , 1165. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14111165
    89. Gustavo Gonzalez-Cuevas, Maria S Garcia-Gutierrez, Francisco Navarrete, Giordano de Guglielmo, Jorge Manzanares. Editorial: Cannabidiol Treatment in Neurotherapeutic Interventions. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2021, 12 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.752292
    90. Neda Tadayon, Ali Ramazani. A review on the syntheses of Dronabinol and Epidiolex as classical cannabinoids with various biological activities including those against SARS-COV2. Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society 2021, 18 (10) , 2517-2534. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-021-02212-0
    91. Gleice K. Silva-Cardoso, Willian Lazarini-Lopes, Jaime E. Hallak, José A. Crippa, Antonio W. Zuardi, Norberto Garcia-Cairasco, Christie R.A. Leite-Panissi. Cannabidiol effectively reverses mechanical and thermal allodynia, hyperalgesia, and anxious behaviors in a neuropathic pain model: Possible role of CB1 and TRPV1 receptors. Neuropharmacology 2021, 197 , 108712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108712
    92. F.-X. Gamelin, S. Berthoin, G. Cuvelier, A. Mendes, A. Anthierens, E. Heyman. L’usage du cannabidiol dans le sport : une bonne idée ?. Science & Sports 2021, 36 (4) , 251-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2021.03.003
    93. Alex Straiker, Sierra Wilson, Wesley Corey, Michaela Dvorakova, Taryn Bosquez, Joye Tracey, Caroline Wilkowski, Kathleen Ho, Jim Wager-Miller, Ken Mackie. An Evaluation of Understudied Phytocannabinoids and Their Effects in Two Neuronal Models. Molecules 2021, 26 (17) , 5352. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175352
    94. Simona Felletti, Chiara De Luca, Alessandro Buratti, Desiree Bozza, Andrea Cerrato, Anna Laura Capriotti, Aldo Laganà, Alberto Cavazzini, Martina Catani. Potency testing of cannabinoids by liquid and supercritical fluid chromatography: Where we are, what we need. Journal of Chromatography A 2021, 1651 , 462304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462304
    95. Erin M. Rock, Cheryl L. Limebeer, Roger G. Pertwee, Raphael Mechoulam, Linda A. Parker. Therapeutic Potential of Cannabidiol, Cannabidiolic Acid, and Cannabidiolic Acid Methyl Ester as Treatments for Nausea and Vomiting. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research 2021, 6 (4) , 266-274. https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2021.0041
    96. Mohamed M. Radwan, Suman Chandra, Shahbaz Gul, Mahmoud A. ElSohly. Cannabinoids, Phenolics, Terpenes and Alkaloids of Cannabis. Molecules 2021, 26 (9) , 2774. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26092774
    97. John Zewen Chan, Robin Elaine Duncan. Regulatory Effects of Cannabidiol on Mitochondrial Functions: A Review. Cells 2021, 10 (5) , 1251. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10051251
    98. Bhavna Hurgobin, Muluneh Tamiru‐Oli, Matthew T. Welling, Monika S. Doblin, Antony Bacic, James Whelan, Mathew G. Lewsey. Recent advances in Cannabis sativa genomics research. New Phytologist 2021, 230 (1) , 73-89. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17140
    99. Graziella dos Reis Rosa Franco, Scott Smid, Cláudio Viegas. Phytocannabinoids: General Aspects and Pharmacological Potential in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Current Neuropharmacology 2021, 19 (4) , 449-464. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X18666200720172624
    100. Anderson R. Aguillón, Raquel A. C. Leão, Leandro S. M. Miranda, Rodrigo O. M. A. de Souza. Cannabidiol Discovery and Synthesis—a Target‐Oriented Analysis in Drug Production Processes. Chemistry – A European Journal 2021, 27 (18) , 5577-5600. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202002887
    Load more citations

    Journal of the American Chemical Society

    Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1940, 62, 1, 196–200
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01858a058
    Published January 1, 1940

    Article Views

    2109

    Altmetric

    -

    Citations

    Learn about these metrics

    Article Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.

    Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.

    The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated.