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Anthocyanin and Flavonol Variation in Bog Bilberries (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) in Finland

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    Anthocyanin and Flavonol Variation in Bog Bilberries (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) in Finland
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    † Department of Environmental Science, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
    ‡ Department of Biology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
    § Department of Biosciences, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
    *To whom correspondence should be addressed. Telephone: +358 40 3553244. Fax: +358 17 163191. E-mail: [email protected]
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    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

    Cite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 2010, 58, 1, 427–433
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/jf903033m
    Published December 10, 2009
    Copyright © 2009 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    The flavonoids, anthocyanins and flavonols, in bog bilberries (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) were studied from 15 populations in Finland on a south−north axis of ∼1000 km. Four anthocyanidin xylosides and 14 flavonol glycosides were tentatively identified by means of HPLC−ESI-MS. Twenty-five major flavonoids were quantified by HPLC−DAD. The averages (±standard deviation) in the contents of anthocyanins and flavonols were 1425 ± 398 and 1133 ± 290 mg/100 g of dry weight, respectively. The most abundant anthocyanidin was malvidin, followed by delphinidin, petunidin, cyanidin, and peonidin. Quercetin was the major flavonol, followed by myricetin, laricitrin, syringetin, and isorhamnetin. Anthocyanins were mostly glucosides, whereas flavonols were mainly conjugated to galactose. The anthocyanin content in the berries from the south was the lowest. The delphinidin content was the highest but the proportion of malvidin the lowest in the north. The total flavonol content and the level of myricetin and quercetin were the highest in the north.

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    Cite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 2010, 58, 1, 427–433
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/jf903033m
    Published December 10, 2009
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