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Polymeric Nano/Microcapsules of Liquid Perfluorocarbons for Ultrasonic Imaging:  Physical Characterization
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    Polymeric Nano/Microcapsules of Liquid Perfluorocarbons for Ultrasonic Imaging:  Physical Characterization
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    UMR CNRS 8612, School of Pharmacy, Univ. Paris Sud, France, Facoltà di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy, and IFR141-ITFM, Plateau technique-Imagerie cellulaire, Univ. Paris Sud, France
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    Langmuir

    Cite this: Langmuir 2006, 22, 9, 4397–4402
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/la0601455
    Published March 9, 2006
    Copyright © 2006 American Chemical Society

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    Ultrasonic imaging is a widely available, noninvasive, and cost-effective diagnostic modality, but vessels smaller than 200 μm in diameter are impossible to visualize. Commercial ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs), consisting of encapsulated gas microbubbles injected intravenously, enable only a qualitative visualization of the microvascularization for a short period of time since they are rather unstable. In a strategy to develop more stable UCAs, we designed a process to obtain nano/microcapsules with a single core of liquid perfluorocarbons within a biodegradable polymeric shell of homogeneous thickness. The polymer shell should improve the stability of the capsules as compared to UCAs stabilized by a monomolecular layer, while the acoustic impedance of the perfluorocarbons should ensure their echogenicity. These capsules have been optimized to encapsulate several liquid perfluorocarbons:  perfluorohexane, perfluorodecalin, and perfluorooctyl bromide. The system is rather versatile:  the mean size of the capsules can be adjusted between 70 nm and 25 μm and the thickness-to-radius ratio (T/R) can be easily modulated by simply modifying the polymer-to-perfluorocarbon ratio. T/R does not depend on the size of the capsules and is between 0.2 and 0.6. The dependence of the echogenic properties of the capsules with their size and their T/R has yet to be studied experimentally before this system can be evaluated in vivo.

    Copyright © 2006 American Chemical Society

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     School of Pharmacy, Univ. Paris Sud.

     Università degli Studi di Torino.

    *

     Corresponding author:  Nicolas Tsapis, E-mail:  nicolas.tsapis@ cep.u-psud.fr.

    §

     Plateau technique-Imagerie cellulaire, Univ. Paris Sud.

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    Cite this: Langmuir 2006, 22, 9, 4397–4402
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/la0601455
    Published March 9, 2006
    Copyright © 2006 American Chemical Society

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