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Large-Scale Synthesis and Phase Transformation of CuSe, CuInSe2, and CuInSe2/CuInS2 Core/Shell Nanowire Bundles

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† Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), and Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
‡ School of Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People’s Republic of China
* Address correspondence to [email protected], [email protected]
Cite this: ACS Nano 2010, 4, 4, 1845–1850
Publication Date (Web):March 8, 2010
https://doi.org/10.1021/nn9013627
Copyright © 2010 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Facile chemical approaches for the controllable synthesis of CuSe, CuInSe2 nanowire, and CuInSe2/CuInS2 core/shell nanocable bundles were developed. Hexagonal CuSe nanowire bundles with lengths up to hundreds of micrometers, consisting of many aligned nanowires with a diameter of about 10−15 nm, were prepared by reacting cubic Cu2−xSe nanowire bundles with a sodium citrate solution at room temperature. The CuSe nanowire bundles were then used as self-sacrificial templates for making bundles of tetragonal chalcopyrite CuInSe2 nanowires by reacting with InCl3via a solvothermal process. Furthermore, bundles of CuInSe2/CuInS2 core/shell nanocables were obtained by adding sulfur to the reaction system, and the shell thickness of the polycrystalline CuInS2 in the nanocables increased with increasing S/Se molar ratios. It was found that the small radius of copper ions allows their fast outward diffusion from the interior to the surface of nanowires to react with sulfur atoms/anions and indium ions to form a CuInS2 shell. Enhanced optical absorption in the vis−NIR region of CuInSe2/CuInS2 core/shell nanocable bundles is demonstrated, which is considered beneficial for applications in optoelectronic devices and solar energy conversion.

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    SEM images of the Cu2−xSe nanowire bundles, high-resolution TEM image and high-magnification SEM image of CuSe nanowires, high-resolution TEM image and high-magnification SEM image of CuInSe2 nanowires, XRD spectrum and EDX spectrum of Cu2−xSe/In nanowire bundles, SEM and TEM images of CuInSe2/CuInS2 core/shell nanocable bundles with a S/Se molar ratio of 0.31:1, high-resolution TEM images and EDX spectra of CuInSe2/CuInS2 core/shell nanocables with various S/Se molar ratios. XRD spectra of the products prepared with Cu(NO3)2, InCl3, and S in triethylene glycol. This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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