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Modes and Mode Volumes of Leaky Optical Cavities and Plasmonic Nanoresonators

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    Perspective

    Modes and Mode Volumes of Leaky Optical Cavities and Plasmonic Nanoresonators
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    DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
    Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
    *E-mail: [email protected]
    *E-mail: [email protected]
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    ACS Photonics

    Cite this: ACS Photonics 2014, 1, 1, 2–10
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/ph400114e
    Published December 18, 2013
    Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Electromagnetic cavity modes in photonic and plasmonic resonators offer rich and attractive regimes for tailoring the properties of light–matter interactions, yet there is a disturbing lack of a precise definition for what constitutes a cavity mode, and as a result their mathematical properties remain largely unspecified. The lack of a definition is evidenced in part by the diverse nomenclature at use, “resonance”, “leaky mode”, and “quasimode”, to name but a few, suggesting that the dissipative nature of cavity modes somehow makes them different from other modes, but an explicit distinction is rarely made. This Perspective aims to introduce the reader to some of the subtleties and working definitions that can be rigorously applied when describing the modal properties of leaky optical cavities and plasmonic nanoresonators. We describe some recent developments in the field, including calculation methods for quasinormal modes of both photonic and plasmonic resonators and the concept of a generalized effective mode volume, and we illustrate the theory with several representative cavity structures from the fields of photonic crystals and nanoplasmonics.

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