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ACS Publications. Most Trusted. Most Cited. Most Read
Fluorinated Thiophene Units Improve Photovoltaic Device Performance of Donor–Acceptor Copolymers

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Download Hi-Res ImageDownload to MS-PowerPointCite This:Chem. Mater. 2017, 29, 14, 5990-6002
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    Fluorinated Thiophene Units Improve Photovoltaic Device Performance of Donor–Acceptor Copolymers
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    † Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
    ‡ Department of Physics and ORaCEL, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
    § Research Computing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3420, United States
    ∥ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
    ⊥ Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3216, United States
    *E-mail: [email protected]
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    Chemistry of Materials

    Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2017, 29, 14, 5990–6002
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b01683
    Published July 3, 2017
    Copyright © 2017 American Chemical Society
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    Fluorinated conjugated polymers leading to enhanced photovoltaic device performance has been widely observed in a variety of donor–acceptor copolymers; however, almost all these polymers have fluorine substituents on the acceptor unit. Building upon our previously reported PBnDT-FTAZ, a fluorinated donor–acceptor conjugated polymer with impressive device performance, we set this study to explore the effect of adding the fluorine substituents onto the flanking thiophene units between the donor unit (BnDT) and the acceptor unit (TAZ). We developed new synthetic approaches to control the position of the fluorination (3′ or 4′) on the thiophene unit, and synthesized four additional PBnDT-TAZ polymers incorporating the fluorine-substituted-thiophene (FT) units, 3′-FT-HTAZ, 4′-FT-HTAZ, 3′-FT-FTAZ, and 4′-FT-FTAZ. We discover that relocating the fluorine substituents from the acceptor to the flanking thiophene units have a negligible impact on the device characteristics (short circuit current, open circuit voltage, and fill factor) when comparing 4′-FT-HTAZ with the original FTAZ. Combining these two fluorination approaches together, 4′-FT-FTAZ shows even higher device performance than FTAZ (7.7% vs 6.6%) with active layers over 200 nm in thickness. Furthermore, high values of fill factor ∼70% are all achieved for photovoltaic devices based on 3′-FT-HTAZ, 4′-FT-HTAZ, or 4′-FT-FTAZ, ascribed to the observed high hole mobilities (over 1 × 10–3 cm2/(V s)) in these devices. Our study offers a new approach to utilize the fluorinated thiophene units in developing new conjugated polymers to further improve the device performance of polymer solar cells.

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    • General methods, experimental details, temperature dependent UV–vis spectra, GPC, cyclic voltammetry (CV), additional photovoltaic properties, photoluminescence (PL), NMR, GIWAXS, and RSoXS (PDF)

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    This article is cited by 59 publications.

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    Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2017, 29, 14, 5990–6002
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b01683
    Published July 3, 2017
    Copyright © 2017 American Chemical Society
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