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Optimization of Microflow LC Coupled with Scanning SWATH and Its Application in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tissues
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    Optimization of Microflow LC Coupled with Scanning SWATH and Its Application in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tissues
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    • Huanhuan Gao
      Huanhuan Gao
      Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
      Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
      More by Huanhuan Gao
    • Youqi Liu
      Youqi Liu
      Westlake Omics (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., No. 1 Yunmeng Road, Cloud Town, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
      More by Youqi Liu
    • Vadim Demichev
      Vadim Demichev
      Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London WC2N 5DU, U.K.
      Department of Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10115, Germany
    • Stephen Tate
      Stephen Tate
      SCIEX, Concord, Ontario L4K 4V8, Canada
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    • Chen Chen
      Chen Chen
      SCIEX, Shanghai 200000, China
      More by Chen Chen
    • Jiang Zhu
      Jiang Zhu
      Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
      More by Jiang Zhu
    • Cong Lu
      Cong Lu
      Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
      More by Cong Lu
    • Markus Ralser
      Markus Ralser
      Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London WC2N 5DU, U.K.
      Department of Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10115, Germany
    • Tiannan Guo*
      Tiannan Guo
      Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
      Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
      *Email: [email protected]
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    • Yi Zhu*
      Yi Zhu
      Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
      Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
      *Email: [email protected]
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    Other Access OptionsSupporting Information (5)

    Journal of Proteome Research

    Cite this: J. Proteome Res. 2022, 21, 7, 1686–1693
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00078
    Published June 2, 2022
    Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    Scanning SWATH coupled with normal-flow LC has been recently introduced for high-content, high-throughput proteomics analysis, which requires a relatively large amount of sample injection. Here we established the microflow LC coupled with Scanning SWATH for samples with relatively small quantities. First, we optimized several key parameters of the LC and MS settings, including C18 particle size for the analytical column, LC gradient and flow rate, as well as effective ion accumulation time and isolation window width for MS acquisition. We then compared the optimized Scanning SWATH method with the conventional variable window SWATH (referred to as SWATH) method. Results showed that the total ion chromatogram signals in Scanning SWATH were 10 times higher than that of SWATH, and Scanning SWATH identified 12.2–22.2% more peptides than SWATH. Finally, we employed 120 min Scanning SWATH to acquire the proteomes of 62 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from 31 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Altogether, 92 334 peptides and 8516 proteins were quantified. Besides the reported biomarkers, including ANXA2, MCM7, SUOX, and AKR1B10, we identified new potential HCC biomarkers such as CST5, TP53, CEBPB, and E2F4. Taken together, we present an optimal workflow integrating microflow LC and Scanning SWATH that effectively improves the protein identification and quantitation.

    Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00078.

    • Table S1: LC-MS parameters of Scanning SWATH and SWATH (XLSX)

    • Table S2: Clinical information and protein matrix of the HCC cohort (XLSX)

    • Table S3: The ratio of the missing values in the quantitative proteome of 31 pairs of HCC samples (XLSX)

    • Table S4: IPA of 1730 dysregulated proteins from the 31 patients with HCC (XLSX)

    • Figure S1: Distribution of identified proteins and relevant abundance as calculated by MS2 intensities from SWATH and Scanning SWATH; Figure S2: The distribution of peptide and protein identifications of the HCC proteomes (PDF)

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    Cited By

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    Citation Statements
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    This article is cited by 5 publications.

    1. Kongxin Gu, Haruka Kumabe, Takumi Yamamoto, Naoto Tashiro, Takeshi Masuda, Shingo Ito, Sumio Ohtsuki. Improving Proteomic Identification Using Narrow Isolation Windows with Zeno SWATH Data-Independent Acquisition. Journal of Proteome Research 2024, 23 (8) , 3484-3495. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00149
    2. Mukul K. Midha, Charu Kapil, Michal Maes, David H. Baxter, Seamus R. Morrone, Timothy J. Prokop, Robert L. Moritz. Vacuum Insulated Probe Heated Electrospray Ionization Source Enhances Microflow Rate Chromatography Signals in the Bruker timsTOF Mass Spectrometer. Journal of Proteome Research 2023, 22 (7) , 2525-2537. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00305
    3. Kang Liu, Zitong Chen, Lishan Liu, Ting Li, Changying Xing, Feng Han, Huijuan Mao. Causal Effects of Oxidative Stress on Diabetes Mellitus and Microvascular Complications: Insights Integrating Genome-Wide Mendelian Randomization, DNA Methylation, and Proteome. Antioxidants 2024, 13 (8) , 903. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13080903
    4. Lisa Schweizer, Tina Schaller, Maximilian Zwiebel, Özge Karayel, Johannes Bruno Müller‐Reif, Wen‐Feng Zeng, Sebastian Dintner, Thierry M Nordmann, Klaus Hirschbühl, Bruno Märkl, Rainer Claus, Matthias Mann. Quantitative multiorgan proteomics of fatal COVID‐19 uncovers tissue‐specific effects beyond inflammation. EMBO Molecular Medicine 2023, 15 (9) https://doi.org/10.15252/emmm.202317459
    5. Mukul K. Midha, Charu Kapil, Michal Maes, David H. Baxter, Seamus R. Morrone, Timothy J. Prokop, Robert L. Moritz. Vacuum Insulated Probe Heated ElectroSpray Ionization source (VIP-HESI) enhances micro flow rate chromatography signals in the Bruker timsTOF mass spectrometer. 2023https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.15.528699
    6. Lisa Schweizer, Tina Schaller, Maximilian Zwiebel, Özge Karayel, Johannes B. Müller-Reif, Wen-Feng Zeng, Sebastian Dintner, Klaus Hirschbühl, Bruno Märkl, Rainer Claus, Matthias Mann. Quantitative multi-organ proteomics of fatal COVID-19 uncovers tissue-specific effects beyond inflammation. 2022https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.21.22283785
    7. Yangyang Bian, Chunli Gao, Bernhard Kuster. On the potential of micro-flow LC-MS/MS in proteomics. Expert Review of Proteomics 2022, 19 (3) , 153-164. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789450.2022.2134780

    Journal of Proteome Research

    Cite this: J. Proteome Res. 2022, 21, 7, 1686–1693
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00078
    Published June 2, 2022
    Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society

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