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N-Doped Carbon Nanotubes Decorated Na3V2(PO4)2F3 as a Durable Ultrahigh-rate Cathode for Sodium Ion Batteries

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    N-Doped Carbon Nanotubes Decorated Na3V2(PO4)2F3 as a Durable Ultrahigh-rate Cathode for Sodium Ion Batteries
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    • Taosheng Wang
      Taosheng Wang
      School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
      More by Taosheng Wang
    • Wei Zhang
      Wei Zhang
      School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
      More by Wei Zhang
    • Huangxu Li
      Huangxu Li
      Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
      More by Huangxu Li
    • Junxian Hu
      Junxian Hu
      School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
      More by Junxian Hu
    • Yanqing Lai
      Yanqing Lai
      School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
      More by Yanqing Lai
    • Zhian Zhang*
      Zhian Zhang
      School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
      *Email: [email protected]
      More by Zhian Zhang
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-8691-6006
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    ACS Applied Energy Materials

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2020, 3, 4, 3845–3853
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.0c00283
    Published April 6, 2020
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    Abstract

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    Na3V2(PO4)2F3 (NVPF) is emerging as one of the most prospective cathodes for sodium ion batteries due to its robust structure, rapid diffusion of sodium ions, and high energy density. However, the poor electronic conductivity leads to unsatisfactory rate capability and insufficient cyclability. Herein, the meticulous design and preparation of NVPF particles anchored on N-doped carbon nanotubes is realized via a plain sol–gel method. It demonstrates that a N-doped carbon nanotubes matrix can evidently boost the electronic/ionic conductivity of the material and promote the charge transfer between the electrode and electrolyte interface. Moreover, the patulous surface decorated with CNTs leads to the significant contribution of pseudocapacitance effect. Consequently, the electrochemical characteristics of this NVPF particles in a N-doped electron-rich matrix are significantly enhanced, exhibiting a capacity of 126 mA h g–1 at 0.5 C and ultrahigh-rate capability of 76 mA h g–1 at 100 C. Besides, an impressive capacity retention of 60.4% upon long-term cycling (1500 cycles) at a high rate of 40 C is also achieved.

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    • Synthesis of the N-doped carbon nanotubes Na3V2(PO4)2F3@C@CNTs and Na3V2(PO4)2F3@C. XRD pattern of all the samples. XPS spectra, BET of NVPF@C and NVPF@C@CNTs. SEM of all samples and CNTs and TEM of NVPF@C, NVPF@C@CNTs, and CNTs. CV curves for the first five cycles and long cycling performance at 40 C of NVPF@C and NVPF@C@CNTs. XRD pattern of NVPF@C@NCNTs electrode before cycling and after 1500 cycles at 40 C. SEM image of NVPF@C@NCNTs electrode after 1500 cycles at 40 C. Detailed schematic diagram of a single-step GITT experiment at ∼3.70 V for NVPF@C@NCNTs composite. Pseudocapacitive contributions to Na storage in the NVPF@C@CNTs sample, and calculation details (PDF)

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    Cited By

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    This article is cited by 48 publications.

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    Cite this: ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2020, 3, 4, 3845–3853
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.0c00283
    Published April 6, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society
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