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    Direct Access to Hierarchically Porous Inorganic Oxide Materials with Three-Dimensionally Interconnected Networks
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    Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
    Center for Computational Science, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
    § Beamline Division, Pohang Light Source, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
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    Journal of the American Chemical Society

    Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 45, 16066–16072
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/ja5091172
    Published October 22, 2014
    Copyright © 2014 American Chemical Society

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    Hierarchically porous oxide materials have immense potential for applications in catalysis, separation, and energy devices, but the synthesis of these materials is hampered by the need to use multiple templates and the associated complicated steps and uncontrollable mixing behavior. Here we report a simple one-pot strategy for the synthesis of inorganic oxide materials with multiscale porosity. The inorganic precursor and block copolymer are coassembled into an ordered mesostructure (microphase separation), while the in situ-polymerized organic precursor forms organic-rich macrodomains (macrophase separation) around which the mesostructure grows. Calcination generates hierarchical meso/macroporous SiO2 and TiO2 with three-dimensionally interconnected pore networks. The continuous 3D macrostructures were clearly visualized by nanoscale X-ray computed tomography. The resulting TiO2 was used as the anode in a lithium ion battery and showed excellent rate capability compared with mesoporous TiO2. This work is of particular importance because it (i) expands the base of BCP self-assembly from mesostructures to complex porous structures, (ii) shows that the interplay of micro- and macrophase separation can be fully exploited for the design of hierarchically porous inorganic materials, and therefore (iii) provides strategies for researchers in materials science and polymer science.

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    Experimental details, materials characterization, electrochemical characterization, and supporting data. This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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    Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 45, 16066–16072
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/ja5091172
    Published October 22, 2014
    Copyright © 2014 American Chemical Society

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