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Switchable Radical Carbonylation by Philicity Regulation
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    Switchable Radical Carbonylation by Philicity Regulation
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    • Bin Lu
      Bin Lu
      Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
      More by Bin Lu
    • Minghao Xu
      Minghao Xu
      Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
      More by Minghao Xu
    • Xiaotian Qi
      Xiaotian Qi
      Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
      More by Xiaotian Qi
    • Min Jiang
      Min Jiang
      College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, P. R. China
      More by Min Jiang
    • Wen-Jing Xiao*
      Wen-Jing Xiao
      Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
      State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
      *Email: [email protected]
    • Jia-Rong Chen*
      Jia-Rong Chen
      Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
      School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, P. R. China
      *Email: [email protected]
    Other Access OptionsSupporting Information (1)

    Journal of the American Chemical Society

    Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144, 32, 14923–14935
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.2c06677
    Published August 8, 2022
    Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    Carbonylation reactions involving CO as readily available C1 synthons have become one of the most important tools for the construction of carbonyl compounds from feedstock chemicals. Despite numerous catalytic methods for carbonylation reactions proceeding via ionic or radical pathways, an inherent limitation to these methods is the need to control switchable single and double carbonylative formation of value-added products from the same and simple starting materials. Here, we describe a new strategy that exploits photoredox catalysis to regulate the philicity of amine coupling partners to drive switchable radical carbonylation reactions. In double carbonylation, amines were first transformed into nitrogen radical cations by single-electron transfer-oxidation and coupled with CO to form carbamoyl radicals, which further underwent radical cross-coupling with the incipient cyanoalkyl acyl radicals to afford the double carbonylation products. Upon the addition of stoichiometric 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), DMAP competitively traps the initially formed cyanoalkyl acyl radical to form the relatively stabilized cyanoalkyl acyl-DMAP salts that engaged in the subsequent substitution with the nucleophilic amines to produce the single carbonylation products. The reaction proceeded smoothly with excellent selectivity in the presence of various amine nucleophiles at room temperature, generating valuable amides and α-ketoamides in a versatile and controlled fashion. Combined experimental and computational studies provided mechanistic insights into the possible pathways.

    Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    Cited By

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    This article is cited by 18 publications.

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    18. Youcan Zhang, Xiao-Feng Wu. Switchable Radical Carbonylation by Philicity Regulation. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry 2022, 42 (9) , 3007. https://doi.org/10.6023/cjoc202200050

    Journal of the American Chemical Society

    Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144, 32, 14923–14935
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.2c06677
    Published August 8, 2022
    Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society

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