Investigating a Seemingly Simple Imine-Linked Covalent Organic Framework StructureClick to copy article linkArticle link copied!
- Cailing ChenCailing ChenPhysical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM) Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi ArabiaMore by Cailing Chen
- Li CaoLi CaoPhysical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM) Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi ArabiaMore by Li Cao
- Yaozu LiuYaozu LiuState Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaMore by Yaozu Liu
- Zhihao LiZhihao LiSchool of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaCenter for Electron Microscopy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaMore by Zhihao Li
- Zhen-Hua LiZhen-Hua LiState Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaMore by Zhen-Hua Li
- Guojun ZhouGuojun ZhouDepartment of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, SwedenMore by Guojun Zhou
- Daliang Zhang*Daliang Zhang*Email: [email protected]Multi-scale Porous Materials Center, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaMore by Daliang Zhang
- Xuehai HuangXuehai HuangSchool of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaCenter for Electron Microscopy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaMore by Xuehai Huang
- Yu Wang*Yu Wang*Email: [email protected]School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaCenter for Electron Microscopy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaMore by Yu Wang
- Guanxing LiGuanxing LiPhysical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM) Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi ArabiaMore by Guanxing Li
- Lingmei LiuLingmei LiuMulti-scale Porous Materials Center, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaMore by Lingmei Liu
- You-You YuanYou-You YuanImaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi ArabiaMore by You-You Yuan
- Yaping ZhangYaping ZhangImaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi ArabiaMore by Yaping Zhang
- Qingxiao WangQingxiao WangImaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi ArabiaMore by Qingxiao Wang
- Yiqiang ChenYiqiang ChenImaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi ArabiaMore by Yiqiang Chen
- Zhan ShiZhan ShiState Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaMore by Zhan Shi
- Qianrong FangQianrong FangState Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaMore by Qianrong Fang
- Zhehao Huang*Zhehao Huang*Email: [email protected]School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaCenter for Electron Microscopy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaGuangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaMore by Zhehao Huang
- Zhiping Lai*Zhiping Lai*Email: [email protected]Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM) Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi ArabiaMore by Zhiping Lai
- Yu Han*Yu Han*Email: [email protected]School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaCenter for Electron Microscopy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaGuangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaMore by Yu Han
Abstract
The structures of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are typically determined through modeling based on powder X-ray diffraction. However, the intrinsically limited crystallinity of COFs often results in structural determinations of low fidelity. Here, we present real-space imaging of an extensively studied two-dimensional imine-based COF. Contrary to the conventional understanding that this COF features uniform hexagonal pores, our observations reveal the presence of two distinct sets of pores with differences in shape and size. Motivated by this finding, we conducted reciprocal-space characterizations, complemented by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations, to reevaluate this seemingly simple structure. The collective results allow for the establishment of a new structural model for this landmark COF and its derivatives, differing from the conventional model in both intra- and interlayer configurations. Furthermore, we identified various previously unrecognized defective structures through real-space imaging, which have significant implications for COF applications in separation and catalysis. Our study demonstrates the complexity and heterogeneity of COF structures, while also highlighting the imperative for structural reevaluation using advanced characterization techniques.
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