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Staged Pyrolytic Conversion of Acid-Loaded Woody Biomass for Production of High-Strength Coke and Valorization of Volatiles
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    Staged Pyrolytic Conversion of Acid-Loaded Woody Biomass for Production of High-Strength Coke and Valorization of Volatiles
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    • Fu Wei
      Fu Wei
      Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga Koen, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
      More by Fu Wei
    • Shinji Kudo*
      Shinji Kudo
      Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga Koen, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
      Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga Koen, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
      Transdisciplinary Research and Education Center for Green Technology, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga Koen, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
      *Email: [email protected]
      More by Shinji Kudo
    • Shusaku Asano
      Shusaku Asano
      Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga Koen, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
      Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga Koen, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
    • Jun-ichiro Hayashi
      Jun-ichiro Hayashi
      Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga Koen, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
      Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga Koen, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
      Transdisciplinary Research and Education Center for Green Technology, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga Koen, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
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    Energy & Fuels

    Cite this: Energy Fuels 2022, 36, 13, 6949–6958
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c01352
    Published June 16, 2022
    Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    Lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive resource for metallurgical coke. The hot pelletization of powdered biomass followed by carbonization produces a high-strength biocoke. However, the fate of a major portion of biomass after carbonization is the production of low-value volatiles. Here, we enabled the valorization of woody biomass as valuable chemicals, such as anhydrosugars and phenols, and strong coke by loading mineral acid over wood and staged conversion consisting mainly of torrefaction, pelletization, and then carbonization. The loading of H2SO4 or H3PO4 at an amount equal to or slightly less than that of metals inherent in the wood, having catalysis for promoting the formation of valueless light oxygenates from carbohydrates, was effective for passivating those metals and drastically improving the anhydrosugar yield in torrefaction at 300–320 °C. The total yield of anhydrosugars from wood and the yield of levoglucosan, a dominant anhydrosugar, from cellulose in the wood reached 12.1 and 25.3 wt %, respectively. It was noteworthy that torrefaction altered the composition of components in wood and positively influenced the strength of coke prepared by pelletization and carbonization. In particular, torrefaction in the presence of H2SO4 led to a remarkable densification of pellets during carbonization. The resulting coke had a strength (tensile strength) of up to 24.2 MPa, which was much higher than that of coke directly pelletized and carbonized from wood (9.0 MPa). Moreover, the lignin-enriched torrefied wood selectively produced phenols and combustible gas with H2 as the major component in the carbonization. Under the most optimal conditions examined in this work, 45.7 wt % of the wood was converted into the desired products with the remainder being water and heavy condensable volatiles, while the yield of light oxygenates was greatly reduced.

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c01352.

    • Schematic of the experimental apparatus, TS of pellets, SEM images of cokes, TGA of torrefied samples, influence of acid-loading amount on TS of coke, GC-MS chromatograms of liquid products from pellets carbonization, gasification curves obtained in TGA, photoimage of ash from coke, elemental composition, ash content/composition, pore structure, chemical composition, product yields from pellet carbonization, 13C solid-state NMR analysis, and detailed composition and yields of GC-MS-detectable components in liquid products (PDF)

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    This article is cited by 10 publications.

    1. Shogo Okida, Hirotsugu Dohi, Shinji Kudo, Shohei Wada, Takahiro Shishido, Noriyuki Okuyama, Shusaku Asano, Jun-ichiro Hayashi. Enhancing the Strength of Formed Coke from Woody Biomass with the Addition of Biomass Extracts. Energy & Fuels 2024, 38 (17) , 16532-16542. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c02892
    2. Jing-Ping Zhao, Jing-Pei Cao, Fu Wei, Nai-Yu Yao, Feng Chen, Xin-Bo Pang, Shi-Jie Cai, Feng-Jiao Yi, Xiao-Bo Feng, Xiao-Yan Zhao. Catalytic Upgrading of Lignite Pyrolysis Volatiles to Aromatics over Urea-Modified HZSM-5: Study on Desilication of Preserved Micropores. Energy & Fuels 2023, 37 (9) , 6515-6523. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c00322
    3. Aditya Wibawa, U.P.M. Ashik, Shinji Kudo, Shusaku Asano, Xiangpeng Gao, Jun-ichiro Hayashi. High-Strength Formed Coke from Torrefied Biomass and Its Blend with Noncaking Coal. Energy & Fuels 2022, 36 (16) , 9121-9132. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c01722
    4. Qiang Li, Jing Song Wang, Xue Feng She, Qing Guo Xue, Zhan Cheng Guo, Guang Wang, Hai Bin Zuo. Principles and support technologies of low-carbon ironmaking for blast furnace. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2025, 211 , 115363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115363
    5. Tsinjo Nirina Rafenomananjara, Shinji Kudo, Jonathan Sperry, Shusaku Asano, Jun-ichiro Hayashi. Phytic acid as a biorenewable catalyst for cellulose pyrolysis to produce levoglucosenone. RSC Sustainability 2025, 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SU00502C
    6. Friday James Amaku, Raymond Taziwa. Effective removal of malachite green oxalate from aqueous solution using Newbouldia laevis husk/MWCNTs nanocomposite: equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics. International Journal of Phytoremediation 2024, 26 (7) , 1154-1167. https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2023.2297749
    7. Jing-Ping Zhao, Jing-Pei Cao, Fu Wei, Feng Chen, Nai-Yu Yao, Xin-Bo Pang, Shi-Jie Cai, Feng-Jiao Yi, Xiao-Bo Feng, Xiao-Yan Zhao. Acidity-controlled hollow HZSM-5 for lignite pyrolysis volatiles valorization to light aromatics. Chemical Engineering Science 2024, 292 , 120003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2024.120003
    8. Naoto Tsubouchi, Yuuki Mochizuki, Yuting Wang, Saori Konno, Takahiro Shishido. Production of High-Strength Coke by Pressurization Carbonization of Modified-Biomass Blended Coal. ISIJ International 2023, 63 (9) , 1526-1533. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2022-511
    9. Yasuhiro Saito, Aska Mori, Shinji Kudo, Jun-ichiro Hayashi. Hot Strength of Coke Prepared by Briquetting and Carbonization of Lignite. ISIJ International 2022, 62 (12) , 2511-2515. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2022-143
    10. Fu Wei, Shinji Kudo, Shusaku Asano, Jun-ichiro Hayashi. Torrefaction of woody biomass and in-situ pyrolytic reforming of volatile matter: Analyses of products and process heat demand. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 2022, 167 , 105658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2022.105658

    Energy & Fuels

    Cite this: Energy Fuels 2022, 36, 13, 6949–6958
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c01352
    Published June 16, 2022
    Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society

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